Biology: Plant Kingdom (Solved Examples Part 1)

Conquer Plant Kingdom concepts for NEET with our meticulously crafted collection of 25 solved examples that transform complex biological concepts into easily understandable knowledge. Specifically designed for NEET, Olympiad and board exam preparation, this comprehensive guide covers everything from algae to advanced flowering plants. Each example is carefully explained with detailed diagrams, covering crucial topics like plant evolution, vascular tissue development, reproductive cycles, and ecological adaptations. Whether you're analyzing the unique features of primitive plants like liverworts and mosses, understanding the evolutionary significance of seed formation in Gymnosperms, or mastering the intricate process of double fertilization in Angiosperms, our step-by-step explanations ensure complete concept clarity. Perfect for NEET aspirants, these examples mirror previous years' NEET questions and cover high-yield topics including plant life cycles, economic importance, taxonomic classification, and comparative morphology of different plant groups. Join thousands of successful NEET aspirants who have mastered Plant Kingdom through our carefully selected examples that focus on the most frequently asked questions in NEET biology.

1. Classification given by Bentham and Hooker is

A . artificial

B . natural

C . phylogenetic

D . numerical.

Solution:

Classification given by Bentham and Hooker is Natural System.Monocots were placed after dicots; closely related families were separated; gymnosperms were placed between dicots and monocots.

Correct Answer : B

2. Artificial system of classification was first used by

A . Linnaeus

B . De Candolle

C . Pliny the Edler

D . Bentham and Hooker.

Solution:

Artificial system of classification was first used by Linnaeus.

Correct Answer : A

3. Identify the correct statement for artificial system ofclassification.

A . Artificial system was based on natural affinities present among the organisms

B . It was proposed by Engler and Prant1

C . The artificial system gave equal weightage to the vegetative and sexual characteristics

D . It considers both the external features and internal features like anatomy, embryology, etc.

Solution:

Correct Answer : C

4. Assertion (a) Artificial system of classification separated closely related species. Reason (R) Artificial system gave equal weightage to vegetative and sexual characteristics

A . If both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

B . If both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

C . If (A) is true, but (R) is false.

D . If (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Solution:

Correct Answer : A

5. Which of the following are internal characters of the plants?

A . Ultra structure

B . Anatomy

C . Phytochemistry

D . All of the above

Solution:

Correct Answer : B

6. Which of the following is a practical significance of taxonomy?

A . To know the use of plants.

B . Identification the unknown organism.

C . To increase the number of organisms.

D . None of these.

Solution:

Correct Answer : B

7. Which of the following is not a cytological character used in cytotaxonomy?

A . Chromosome number.

B . Chromosome structure.

C . Chromosome number and chromosome structure.

D . Chemical constituent.

Solution:

Correct Answer : D

8. Oogamous means

A . fusion between female and male gametes of similar size

B . fusion between one large female gamete and a smaller non-motile male gamete

C . fusion between one large female gamete and a smaller motile male gamete

D . fusion between one smaller female gamete and a large motile male gamete

Solution:

Correct Answer : C

9. Anisogamous means both gametes are

A . similar in size and non-motile

B . dissimilar in size

C . similar in size and motile

D . dissimilar in morphology

Solution:

Correct Answer : B

10. In bryophytes and pteridophytes, transport of male gametes requires

A . birds

B . water

C . wind

D . insects.

Solution:

The sperms of bryophytes and pteridophytes are flagellated and hence require an external supply of water to reach archegonia.

Correct Answer : B

11. Read the following five statements (A to E) and select the option with all correct statements.

A. Mosses and lichens are the first organisms to colonies a bare rock.

B. Selaginella is a homosporous pteridophyte.

C. Coralloid roots in Cycas have VAM.

D. Main plant body in bryophytes is gametophytic, whereas in pteridophytes it is sporophytic.

E. In gymnosperms, male and female gametophytes are present within sporangia located on sporophyte.

A . A, D and E

B . B, C and (E

C . A, C and (D

D . B, C and D

Solution:

Selaginella is a heterosporous pteridophyte. Coralloid roots of Cycas harbour blue green algae like Nostoc, Anabaena and are not a type of VAM (Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza) which is a symbiotic association with fungus.

Correct Answer : A

12. Place the following groups of plants in order, beginning with those that first appeared on the earth and progressing toward those that appeared most recently in time.

A . Gymnosperms, angiosperms, ferns, moss, algae

B . Algae, moss, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms

C . Moss, algae, ferns, angiosperms, gymnosperms

D . Algae, ferns, angiosperms, gymnosperms, moss

Solution:

The correct sequence of the plants group which appeared first on the earth to appear most recently in time is: Algae, Moss ,Fern, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms.

Correct Answer : B

13. What is the similarity between gymnosperms and angiosperms?

A . Phloem of both have companion cells

B . Endosperm is formed before fertilization in both

C . Origin of ovule and seed is similar in both

D . Both have leaves, stem and roots

Solution:

Gymnosperms (including conifers) and angiosperms both have advanced support tissues true leaves, stems and roots they also are the two groups that produce pollen and seeds.

Correct Answer : D

14. Phylogenetic system of classification is based on:

A . Morphological features

B . Chemical constituents

C . Floral characters

D . Evolutionary relationshíps

Solution:

Correct Answer : D

15. The first organisms to colonise rocks are

A . Mosses and fungi

B . Funaria and mosses

C . Lichens and mosses

D . Marchantia and Sphagnum

Solution:

Correct Answer : C

16. Division "Tracheophyta" includes :-

A . Bryophyta

B . All vascular plants

C . All non-vascular plants

D . All non-vascular and vascular plants

Solution:

The plant kingdom has been divided into divisions. The division tracheophyta is characterised by the presence of vascular tissues which are required for the conduction of water, mineral and food. The water and minerals are transported through xylem and food through the phloem. There are three groups of vascular plants including Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.So, the correct answer is option B.

Correct Answer : B

17. An example of colonial alga is

A . Chlorella

B . Volvox

C . Ulothrix

D . Spirogyra

Solution:

Correct Answer : B

18. A plant, which does not produce flower and seed but perform embryogenesis and with vascular tissues, can be kept under

A . Archegoniate phanerogams

B . Bryophyte

C . Vascular cryptogams

D . Non-archegoniate phanerogams

Solution:

Embryogenesis, vascular tissues presence and absence of flower & seed production are the feature of pteridophyte which is included in vascular cryptogams.

Correct Answer : C

19. Plants reproducing by spores such as mosses and ferns are grouped under the general term

A . cryptogams

B . bryophytes

C . sporophytes

D . thallophytes.

Solution:

Spore bearing plants such as mosses and ferns belong to cryptogams because instead of reproducing by flowers and seeds, they reproduce by means of spores.

Correct Answer : A

20. Consider the following statements regarding the major pigments and stored food in the different groups of algae and choose the correct option

(i) In chlorophyceae, the stored food material is starch and the major pigments are chlorophyll-a and (d).

(ii) In phaeophyceae, laminarian is the stored food and major pigments are chlorophyll-a and (b).

(iii) In rhodophyceae, floridean starch is the stored food and the major pigments are chlorophyll-a, d and phycoerythrin.

A . (i) is correct, but (ii) and (iii) are incorrect

B . (i) and (ii) are correct, but (iii) is incorrect

C . (i) and (iii) are correct, but (ii) is incorrect

D . (iii) is correct, but (i) and (ii) are incorrect

Solution:

In chlorophyceae, the stored food material is starch and the major pigments are chlorophyll- (a) and (b). In phaeophyceae, laminarian is the stored food and major pigments are chlorophyll a, c and fucoxanthin.

Correct Answer : D