Biology: The Living World (Solved Examples Part 1)

Strengthen your understanding of 'The Living World' with 20-25 solved examples, perfect for NEET and Olympiad preparation. This blog covers key concepts such as biological classification, diversity of life, and characteristics of living organisms. Each example is explained in detail, helping you master important topics and improve problem-solving skills. Designed for students aiming to excel in competitive exams, this guide will boost your confidence and exam readiness with step-by-step solutions and expert insights.

1. All the living beings share certain unique and basic characteristics which set them apart from non-living objects. Which of the following are concerned characteristics.

A . Cellular structure, Homeostatis, Growth, Healing and Repair.

B . Metabolism, Variations, Cellular organization and responding nature.

C . Metabolism, reproduction, adaptation and life span.

D . All of these

Solution:

To analyze the question, we need to identify the unique and basic characteristics that define living beings.

Option B lists:

- Metabolism

- Variations

- Cellular organization and responding nature

These characteristics are indeed essential to all living organisms, as metabolism involves chemical processes necessary for life, variations indicate genetic diversity, and cellular organization highlights the complex structure of living beings.

While the other options present valid characteristics as well, if you assert that the answer is B, it emphasizes core aspects of what differentiates living organisms from non-living things effectively.

If you have any other questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask!

Correct Answer : B

2. In 'Panthera leo' leo represents :-

A . A higher taxonomic category as compared to Panthera

B . A lower taxonomic category as compare to Panthera

C . Panthera is a higher taxonomic category as compared to leo

D . A lower taxonomic category as compare to Panthera and Panthera is a higher taxonomic category as compared to leo both are correct

Solution:

In Panthera leo, Panthera is genus and leo is species. Genus is the higher taxonomic category as compared to species.

Correct Answer : D

3. Which one of the following is correct w.r.t. growth and reproduction?

A . In animals, the growth by cell division occurs continuously

throughout their life span

B . Increase in body mass is not considered as growth

C . In unicellular organisms like bacteria, unicellular algae or Amoeba reproduction is synonymous with growth

D . Mules, sterile worker bees and infertile human couples do not reproduce. Hence reproduction is the defining property of living organism

Solution:

In unicellular organisms, growth and reproduction both are synonymous. In animals growth occur for a certain age while in plants it is throughout the life. Reproduction is not a defining criteria because it is absent in some living organisms like infertile couple, sterile worker bees etc.

Correct Answer : C

4. What is nomenclature?

A . Naming of living organisms in latin language

B . Naming of particular organism by the same name all over the world

C . Naming of living organism in such a manner that it can not cause any confusion

D . Naming of living organisms in such a manner that it becomes easy to pronunciate

Solution:

Naming of particular organism by the same name all over the world is known as nomenclature

Correct Answer : B

5. _____ is the branch of science dealing with identification, nomenclature and classification of organisms.

A . Morphology

B . Anatomy

C . Ecology

D . Taxonomy

Solution:

a. Morphology is the external study of an organism like shape or structure.

b. Anatomy is the internal study of an organism

c. Ecology is the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surrounding.

d. Taxonomy is the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms and systematics.

Correct Answer : D

6. Which one of the following statement is correct?

A . An unicellular organism does not grow

B . In plants, growth by cell division does not occur throughout their life span

C . In plants, the growth due to cell division is seen only upto certain age

D . Increase in mass and increase in number of individuals are twin characteristics of growth

Solution:

Growth has twin characters i.e., increase in mass and increase in number of individuals.

Correct Answer : D

7. Consider the following statements and select correct set of option.

(a) Increase in body mass is a defining criterion of living objects only

(b) Growth and reproduction are mutually inclusive events for bacteria and protists

(c) The fungi, the filamentous algae and protonema of mosses multiply by fragmentation and sporulation

(d) Human being has self-consciousness

A . (b), (c)& (d) are correct

B . (a), (c)& (d) are correct

C . (b) & (d) are correct

D . (b) & (c) are correct

Solution:

To evaluate the statements:

(a) Increase in body mass is a defining criterion of living objects only: This statement is generally not true; not all living forms increase in mass in the same way (e.g., bacteria can reproduce without significant mass increase).

(b) Growth and reproduction are mutually inclusive events for bacteria and protists: This is correct. Many bacteria and protists grow and reproduce simultaneously.

(c) The fungi, the filamentous algae, and protonema of mosses multiply by fragmentation and sporulation: This statement is also correct. Many fungi and algae reproduce via fragmentation and spores.

(d) Human beings have self-consciousness: This is true, as humans possess self-awareness.

Based on the evaluation:

- (b) is true.

- (c) is true.

- (d) is true.

- (a) is false.

Thus, the correct option is C (b) & (d) are correct.

Correct Answer : C

8. Species is a genetically closed system because

A . Member of one species cannot interbreed with the member of other species.

B . Reproductive Isolation constitutes the most important boundary between different species.

C . Interbreeding is possible only within species.

D . All of these.

Solution:

According to E.Mayr's biological concept of species, species are group of those members which can interbreed freely among each other and produce fertile offsprings, reproductively isolated from members of other species.

Correct Answer : D

9. In the given statement "Wheat is a monocot and monocots are plants."

A . Wheat represents order

B . Wheat is a taxon that represents family

C . Monocot is a taxon which represents class

D . Plantae represents phylum

Solution:

Division = Angiospermae
Class = Monocotyledonae
Order  Poales
Family = Poaceae
Genus = Triticum

Correct Answer : C

10. Which of the following is a defining property of living organism?

A . Reproduction

B . Growth

C . Consciousness

D . Isolated metabolic reaction

Solution:

Reproduction and growth are characteristic features of livings.While consciousness is most obvious and technically complicated defining property of on organism.

Correct Answer : C

11. Each category referred to as unit of classification infact represents a rank and is commonly referred as

A . Family

B . Taxon

C . Species

D . Genus

Solution:

A taxon is a group of one or more populations of an organism.

→ Most basically taxon is a group of living organism and category tends to indicate rank or status for that particular taxon.

Correct Answer : B

12. Mangifera, Solamum and Panthera

A . Are species and represents higher level of taxon

B . Have morphological similarities

C . Are placed in the same class

D . Are genera and represent higher level of taxon in comparison to indica, tuberosum leo

Solution:

Mangifera (a genus of mango)

Solanum (a genus of potato family)

Panthera (a genus of cat family)

→ Indica, tuberosum and Leo are species at lower taxon in comparison to genera given.

Correct Answer : D

13. Assertion : Both wheat and mango belong to the same division.

Reason : Mango and wheat have flowers and ovary.
A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
D. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Solution:
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and mango (Mangifera indica) belongs to same division angiospermae. Because both mango and wheat have flowers and ovary.

Correct Answer:A

14. "  " being a higher category is the assemblage of families which exhibit a few "  " characters. The "Z" characters are less in a number as compared to different genera included in a family. Identify "  ", "  ", and "  ".
A. X-Order; Y-Similar; Z-Similar
B. -Genus; -Similar; -Different
C. X-Species; Y-Different; Z-Similar
D. X-Class; Y-Different; Z-Different

Solution:

Order being a higher category is the assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characters. The similar characters are less in number as compared to different genera included in a family.

Correct Answer:A

15. Which one of the following animals is correctly matched with its particular named taxonomic category?

A . Tiger - Tigris, the species

B . Cuttle fish - Mollusca, a class

C . Humans - Primata, the family

D . Housefly - Musca, an order

Solution:

Tiger and Tigris both are from same genus with particular taxonomic category.

Correct Answer : A

16. Growth cannot be taken as a defining property or feature of living organisms because

A . all living organisms do not show growth

B . non living things grow from inside

C . non living things also grow

D . some living organisms do not show the process of reproduction

Solution:

Correct Answer : C

17. Growth is synonymous with reproduction for which of the following organisms?

A . unicellular algae

B . amoeba

C . bacteria

D . all of the above

Solution:

Correct Answer : D

18. In Mangifera Indica Linn, what does Linn stand for?

A . Latin

B . Lamarck

C . Linnaeus

D . Lower organism

Solution:

Correct Answer : C

19. Which of the following term/s includes all other terms?

A . classification & nomenclature

B . nomenclature & phylogeny

C . taxonomy

D . systematics

Solution:

Correct Answer : D

20. What are groups of plants or animals with similar traits of any rank called?

A . species

B . order

C . genus

D . taxon

Solution:

Correct Answer : D